Transportation in Plants

Shyam Mohan June 16, 2022

 
Transportation In Plants

There are two types of transportation in plants.

1.Short Distance Transport:- If the distance between two cells is small then transportation will occurs by diffusion & osmosis.

2.Long Distance Transportation:- If the distances becomes large between two cells because of changes in plant body design,then diffusion & osmosis will not be sufficient so a proper system of transportation is therefore essential in such situation.

Plants has a vascular system for transportation.Vascular system has Xylem & Phloem for transportation.

Xylem tissues carry water and dissolved minerals up from roots.

Phloem tissue carry food up from leaf and down from leaf 

Why Plants have Slow Transport System?

  • Plants do not move.
  • Plants body have a lage proportion of dead cells in Many tissue.
  • Therefore plants have low energy need which means no rush to transport water and food at faster rate. 

Transport of Water and Minerals 

It is done by Xylem and this process is called Ascent of Sap. 

Transport of of food/sugar/photo assimilation

It is done by Phloem and this process is called Translocation.

Transport of Water 

Xylem is made up of four types of elements

i)Vessels 

ii)Tracheids 

iii)Xylem Parenchyma

iv)Xylem fibres 

Ascent of Sap:- The upward movement of water & minerals from foot to upper portion of plant against the gravity as Ascent of Sap.

Water goes to the root----->Absorbed by Root hair cells----->Goes to inner root cells----->Pulled up by xylem------->Upward Movement------->To the cells in the leaves------->Diffuses through the stomata in leaves.

Transport of Water from Root to Leaves 

The force that contribute to Ascent sap are as follows 

1.Root Pressure:- When water enters into root cells by the process of osmosis,a pressure is generated in the roots which helps in transporting the water and others ions from the soul in upward directions into the Xylem.Thus hydrostatic pressure is known as root pressure.

2.Transpotation:-Loss of water in form of water vapour or in others words when water is lost from the surface of leaves due to process of transpiration a pulling force is developed inside the Xylem tissue.This Pulling force is known as Transpiration Pull.This force helps the upward movement of water in Xylem from root to the leaves.


Transport of food and other substances 

Phloem is made up of four types of elements

1.Sieve Tubes 

2.Campanion Cells 

3.Phlem Parenchyma

4.Phloem Fibres 

Translocation

Movement of food in the Phloem in both the direction is known as Translocation.

Utilises Energy during Transportation.



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